Pitfalls of 'inert' ingredients.

Unidentified Inert Ingredients in Pesticides: Implications for Human and Environmental Health

BACKGROUND By statute or regulation in the United States and elsewhere, pesticide ingredients are divided into two categories: active and inert (sometimes referred to as other ingredients, adjuvants, or coformulants). Despite their name, inert ingredients may be biologically or chemically active and are labeled inert only because of their function in the formulated product. Most of the tests re...

Effect of surface treatments on damping behavior of carbon and glass fiber reinforced friction material

The ability to absorb vibrations in a vehicle during braking conditions depends primarily on the selection of ingredients for a friction material and interfacial adhesion between all these ingredients.  In this work, a hybrid brake friction material is developed by combination of carbon fiber (CF), glass fiber (GF), resin and other ingredients. The surfaces of carbon and glass fibers are c...

Mystery in a Bottle: Will the EPA Require Public Disclosure of Inert Pesticide Ingredients?

Sublethal toxicity of commercial insecticide formulations and their active ingredients to larval fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas).

Toxic effect concentrations of insecticides are generally determined using the technical grade or pure active ingredient. Commercial insecticide formulations, however, contain a significant proportion (>90%) of so-called inert ingredients, which may alter the toxicity of the active ingredient(s). This study compares the sublethal toxicity of two insecticides, the pyrethroid bifenthrin, and the ...

Development of a Non-Animal Testing Strategy for Ocular Hazard Labeling of Some Specific EPA-Regulated Products

More than five thousand regulatory decisions are made annually by the United States (US) Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP), which ensures the safety of the approximately 1,100 active pesticide ingredients found in approximately 19,000 pesticide products used in the US. OPP’s mission is to evaluate the properties of pesticide products to ensure that, if u...

Pregnancy complicated by cardiac valvular disease and hypertension.

stance. Unfortunately, identification of the responsible agent is not as straightforward as it appears. We report here a case we encountered recently. A &yearold woman with a long history of reactive airway disease and peanut and soy allergies was admitted for treatment of an anaphylactic reaction after inadvertently ingesting peanut oil at a party. Her initial systemic reaction was treated suc...